Multivalent Recognition of Concanavalin A by {Mo132} Glyconanocapsules—Toward Biomimetic Hybrid Multilayers

Herein, we consider Müller’s spherical, porous, anionic, molybdenum oxide based capsule, (NH₄)₄₂‐ [{(Mo^VI)Mo^VI₅O₂₁(H₂O)₆}₁₂{Mo^V₂O₄(CH₃COO)}₃₀]?10 CH₃COONH₄? 300 H₂O≡(NH₄)₄₂? 1 a ?crystal ingredients≡ 1 , {Mo₁₃₂}, as an effective sugar‐decorated nanoplatform for multivalent lectin recognition. The ion‐exchange of NH₄⁺ ions of 1 with cationic‐sugars, D ‐mannose‐ammonium chloride ( 2 ) or D ‐glucose‐ammonium chloride ( 3 ) results in the formation of glyconanocapsules (NH₄)_42?n 2 _n? 1 a and (NH₄)_42?m 3 _m? 1 a . The Mannose (NH₄)_42?n 2 _n? 1 a capsules bind selectively Concanavalin A (Con A) in aqueous solution, giving an association avidity constant of ${K{{{\rm multi}\hfill \atop {\rm a}\hfill}}}$ =4.6×10⁴ M ^?1 and an enhancement factor of β=K${{{{\rm multi}\hfill \atop {\rm a}\hfill}}}$ /K${{{{\rm mono}\hfill \atop {\rm ass}\hfill}}}$ =21.9, reminiscent of the formation of “glycoside clusters” on the external surface of glyconanocapsule. The glyconanocapsules (NH₄)_42?n 2 _n? 1 a and (NH₄)_42?m 3 _m? 1 a self‐assemble in “hybrid multilayers” by successive layer‐by‐layer deposition of (NH₄)_42?n 2 _n? 1 a or (NH₄)_42?m 3 _m? 1 a and Con A. These architectures, reminiscent of versatile mimics of artificial tissues, can be easily prepared and quantified by using quartz crystal microgravimetry (QCM). The “biomimetic hybrid multilayers” described here are stable under a continual water flow and they may serve as artificial networks for a greater depth of understanding of various biological mechanisms, which can directly benefit the fields of chemical separations, sensors or storage‐delivery devices.     

Artificial Water Channels: Towards Biomimetic Membranes for Desalination

Natural Aquaporin (AQP) channels are efficient water translocating proteins, rejecting ions. Inspired by this masterpiece of nature, Artificial Water Channels (AWCs) with controlled functional structures, can be potentially used to mimic the AQPs to a certain extent, offering flexible avenues toward biomimetic membranes for water purification. The objective of this paper is to trace the historical development and significant advancements of current reported AWCs. Meanwhile, we attempt to reveal important structural insights and supramolecular self-assembly principles governing the selective water transport mechanisms, toward innovative AWC-based biomimetic membranes for desalination.     

Erratum to: The Ginibre Ensemble of Real Random Matrices and its Scaling Limits

We correct an error in Theorem 12 of the original article concerning the edge scaling limit of the law of real eigenvalues for the real Ginibre ensemble.     

Surface crystallization of amorphous solid water

We demonstrate that the crystallization of thin, supported amorphous solid water layers is initiated at the water surface. This is concluded from the observation of sequential crystallization of amorphous water at the surface, in the bulk, and at the water-support interface. A surface nucleation model quantitatively reproduces the observed transformation kinetics at the three sites.     

Dynamic chemical devices: modulation of photophysical properties by reversible, ion-triggered, and proton-fuelled nanomechanical shape-flipping molecular motions

The terpy-derived (terpy=terpyridine) ligand 1 has an extended W shape in which the two appended photoactive pyrenyl groups are held apart. On binding of a zinc(II) ion with a terpy group, ligand 1 is converted into complex 2 whereby it adopts a U shape, thus stacking the aromatic units. This structural modification leads to a very pronounced change in photophysical properties: from a highly fluorescent free ligand to a very weakly emitting complex. The W/U structural switching can be reversibly induced by the addition of a competitive tren ligand, which binds and releases a zinc(II) ion under protonation/deprotonation cycles, thus leading to oscillations in light emission. Therefore, the present system performs periodic modulation of optical output through a nanomechanical shape-flipping motion, triggered by metal ion binding and fuelled by acid-base neutralisation energy. Overall, it represents an ion-triggered opto-mechanical supramolecular device.     

Perron Conditions for Pointwise and Global Exponential Dichotomy of Linear Skew-Product Flows

The aim of this paper is to give necessary and sufficient conditions for pointwise and uniform exponential dichotomy of linear skew-product flows. We shall obtain that the pointwise exponential dichotomy of a linear skew-product flow is equivalent to the pointwise admissibility of the pair As a consequence, we prove that a linear skew-product flow on is uniformly exponentially dichotomic if and only if the pair is uniformly admissible for .     

Distance sets corresponding to convex bodies

Suppose that is a 0-symmetric convex body which denes the usual norm

Exponential Expansiveness and Complete Admissibility For Evolution Families

Connections between uniform exponential expansiveness and complete admissibility of the pair are studied. A discrete version for a theorem due to Van Minh, Räbiger and Schnaubelt is presented. Equivalent characterizations of Perron type for uniform exponential expansiveness of evolution families in terms of complete admissibility are given.